The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is the primary federal authority on radon safety in the United States. Their guidelines provide homeowners with clear, science-based recommendations for testing, interpreting results, and taking action.
The EPA's Action Level
The EPA recommends that homeowners fix their homes if radon levels are 4 pCi/L or higher. This is known as the "action level." At this concentration, the lifetime risk of lung cancer from radon exposure is considered significant enough to warrant mitigation.
The EPA's Recommended Level
While 4 pCi/L is the action level, the EPA also states that levels between 2 and 4 pCi/L should be considered for mitigation. The agency acknowledges that there is no completely safe level of radon, and reducing exposure at any level is beneficial.
Key EPA Recommendations
- Test all homes below the third floor, regardless of location or construction type.
- Fix your home if the radon level is 4 pCi/L or more.
- Consider fixing if levels are between 2 and 4 pCi/L.
- Retest after any major renovation or mitigation work.
- Test before buying or selling a home.
EPA Radon Zone Map
The EPA has developed a map dividing the U.S. into three zones based on predicted average indoor radon levels. Zone 1 counties have the highest potential (above 4 pCi/L), Zone 2 counties have moderate potential (2–4 pCi/L), and Zone 3 counties have low potential (below 2 pCi/L). However, the EPA emphasizes that homes in any zone can have elevated radon levels and should be tested.
EPA Standards for Radon Professionals
The EPA also sets standards for radon measurement and mitigation professionals. When hiring a contractor, look for someone who is certified or licensed by a state radon program or a recognized national organization such as NRPP or NRSB.
The EPA's Stance on Testing Frequency
The EPA recommends testing your home every two years and after any significant structural changes. Short-term tests can provide a quick snapshot, but long-term tests or continuous monitors give a more accurate picture of your home's average radon level.
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